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          入不敷出——后会无期
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        <p>钱，是最重要的生活资源，为了挣钱，我们整天忙忙碌碌，不肯停歇。</p>
<p>在很长一段时间里，我总是入不敷出，每个月得靠信用卡、白条、花呗度日，现在这种情况不复存在了，仅因为一种记账方式，分享下我的薪路历程。</p>
<a id="more"></a>
<h2 id="记账历程">记账历程</h2>
<p>早就知道，记账是理财的第一步，但总是坚持不了</p>
<p>最开始，记在小本上，方便灵活，但统计麻烦，没多久便放弃了</p>
<p>后来，在 Excel 中记，调整和统计方便了，但花销细节太多，记录太琐碎，也放弃了</p>
<p>再后来，迫于负债压力，不得不再次记账，结合之前记账问题，开发了一个 Web App，记录倒是方便了，但不同账号间转账，不太好记，不知道该归为收入还是消费</p>
<p>为了解决转账问题，开始用记账 APP，用过 挖财、随手记等，转账问题解决了，但还是要处理很多细节，最后总也弄不清，超支了还是结余了，最终放弃</p>
<h2 id="你不理财财不理你">你不理财财不理你</h2>
<p>虽然经历了诸多失败，财还是要理</p>
<p>有一天看到一句话：</p>
<blockquote>
<p><strong>记账的目的是搞清最低花费</strong></p>
</blockquote>
<p>这句话彻底改变了我对记账的认知</p>
<p>以往的记账，没有明确目的，只是被动的记</p>
<blockquote>
<p>目的不明确，势必会放弃</p>
</blockquote>
<p>现在，动力足了，哪怕一张纸，都是好工具</p>
<p>三个月后，终于搞清楚了我的最低消费</p>
<p>再做月度计划，靠谱多了，将花费分为几大类</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>固定费用，比如房贷、学费、物业费、水电燃气费等</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>动态消费，比如礼物、礼金、请客等，属于计划的一部分，但需要当月支出</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>零用钱，比如逛个超市，买本书，打个赏，发个红包啥的，虽然灵活，但也相对固定</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>备用，一种是应急储备，以防突发事件，另一种是长期储备，即储蓄</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>有了规划，不必记录每笔消费，省时省力</p>
<p>但对没计划的大额支出，还是要记的，如报个课外班，参加个学习培训什么的</p>
<p>以便修正最低消费，或者调整备用金额度</p>
<h2 id="实操">实操</h2>
<p>经过将近一年的摸索，我总结出了一个 Excel 记账模板，每月只需十分钟，月度规划便可轻松搞定</p>
<p>假设月收入 10300，且做了假设支出，用模板，记录如下:</p>
<p><img src="/images/2020/08/money/01.jpg" alt="记账模板"></p>
<p>模板大体由四部分组成：</p>
<ul>
<li>
<p>支出统计，在最左侧，填写支出的项目、费用 和 去向，去向就是账户，比如还房贷的钱，存入支付宝等</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>收入汇总，在中间，记录每个账户的入账和余额，以及统计支出中的费用，计算出调账金额</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>调账方案，在最右侧,是根据账户的调整情况计算出来的具体调账方式，一般都是从工资卡向往转出，用 <code>是否调账</code> 来标记是否执行了调账</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>指示器，在中间最上面，当收入大于支出时，<code>预计结余</code> 就会是正数，且背景为绿色，相反，背景为红色。</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p>这个 Excel 模板包含一些公式，只要调整花费，修改收入，其他都可自动计算，然后根据 <code>调账方案</code> 转账即可</p>
<p>如果 <code>预计结余</code> 背景为红色，说明透支了，就需要调整支出，一般也只能扣除零花钱了:(</p>
<h2 id="效果如何">效果如何</h2>
<p>节省了大量记账时间和精力，避免了每天记录每笔账的焦虑</p>
<p>也不用担心超支，每笔花销，都会有通知（银行短信），看下余额就知道后面该咋花了</p>
<p>每月结余一清二楚，转入储蓄账户，强制自己储蓄</p>
<p>就这样，限制了无度消费，积攒了储蓄，帮助我顺利的度过财务危机，不仅没影响生活质量，还让我走出入不敷出的状态</p>
<blockquote>
<p>方向对了，运气便不会差</p>
</blockquote>
<p>一些心得、技巧</p>
<ul>
<li>零用钱放在银行卡上，而不是支付宝或者微信里，因为无论支付方式是什么，都可以从银行卡支出，而且提现更方便</li>
<li>日常固定和零用钱分开，以免被预支</li>
<li>将大笔的固定支出，放在余额宝中，并设置自动还款，另外理财产品直接在支付宝上买，扣款方便，还可有些收益</li>
<li>不建议使用白条、花呗、信用卡等方式支付，容易造成超支，<strong>切记：还清借款，且不再用</strong></li>
<li>不要贪小便宜，比如零用钱存入余额宝，看似有收益，实则增加透支风险</li>
</ul>
<h2 id="总结">总结</h2>
<p>很多事情不在于技巧或者方法，而在于你对它的认知，认知对了方向就对了，你的努力便有了价值。</p>
<p>你的理财方式是什么呢？对理财有哪些认知呢？欢迎留言，一起交流探讨</p>
<p>关注我，回复关键字【<strong>记账</strong>】，获取记账模板</p>

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